If I had a dollar for every high achieving woman that comes to me with symptoms of thyroid dysfunction, I’d be a very rich woman.
These women are feeling run down, they have low moods, high levels of anxiety, thinning hair and a host of other symptoms that they just can’t seem to move through.
They’ve already been to the doctor and have been told that it’s not their thyroid because their TSH levels are fine, but they don’t know where else to look.
Unfortunately, thyroid dysfunction is extremely common, but you need to look further than your TSH levels to get to the bottom of it. Your pathology panel needs to include levels of T4, T3, TSH and your thyroid antibodies. This will give you a clearer picture and establish where your thyroid is at.
Once it’s been confirmed that you are suffering from thyroid dysfunction, the next step is to understand the causes of this dysfunction and where you can make changes to improve your health.
Understanding the Stress-Thyroid Link
Stress is undeniably a significant factor in our health. But how exactly does it impact our thyroid function? The main culprit here is cortisol, our body's primary stress hormone. Whether your cortisol levels are excessively high or abnormally low, both indicators suggest that your stress response system isn't functioning as it should. And when this system goes awry, it can directly impact your thyroid gland, leading to thyroid dysfunction.
There are four primary ways that cortisol can negatively affect thyroid function:
- Blocking TSH Signalling: Cortisol can inhibit the signalling of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) from the brain to the thyroid gland. TSH is crucial for the production of thyroid hormones.
- Impairing Conversion in the Liver: The liver is responsible for converting the inactive thyroid hormone T4 into the active form T3, which is vital for energy, mood, and metabolism. High cortisol levels can block this conversion process within the liver.
- Preventing Cellular Uptake of T3: Even if your T4 to T3 conversion is optimal, cortisol can prevent the active T3 hormone from being utilised by your body's cells, resulting in persistent symptoms of hypothyroidism.
- Compromising Gut Health: Cortisol can cause damage to your gut lining, leading to what's known as leaky gut. This condition triggers systemic inflammation, which can exacerbate thyroid dysfunction, particularly autoimmune conditions like Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
Symptoms of Thyroid Dysfunction
The symptoms of an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism) or Hashimoto's disease are varied but commonly include:
– Fatigue
– Anxiety
– Depression
– Brain fog
– Weight gain
These symptoms occur because thyroid hormones play a crucial role in energy production, mood regulation, cognitive function, and metabolic rate.
Steps to Mitigate Thyroid Dysfunction
If you suspect that stress has affected your thyroid, here’s what you can do to address it:
- Get Comprehensive Testing: A complete thyroid panel should include T4, T3, TSH, and thyroid antibodies. Often, standard tests only measure TSH, which isn't sufficient to get the full picture of thyroid health. Additionally, liver function tests are essential since the liver plays a crucial role in converting T4 to T3.
- Reduce Stress: While easier said than done, reducing stress is crucial. This includes managing physical stress through diet and lifestyle changes, like regular nutritious meals and proper sleep. Mental and emotional stress should also be addressed, potentially with techniques discussed in Episode 5 of our podcast, such as mindfulness and cognitive-behavioural strategies.
- Repair Gut Health: There’s a strong connection between gut health and thyroid function. Remove inflammatory foods from your diet, such as gluten, which has changed significantly over the years and is now often genetically modified, impacting gut health adversely.
- Enhance Liver Detox: Once your gut is on the mend, focus on supporting liver detox pathways by cutting down on caffeine, alcohol, processed foods, and sugar.
- Nutrient Support: Specific nutrients are vital for healthy thyroid function. However, I recommend addressing the foundational issues first before adding in supplements like selenium, zinc, tyrosine, and iodine. Herbal support such as ashwagandha can also be beneficial for its calming effects on the nervous system.
Medications and Ongoing Symptoms
For those on thyroid medication, it’s important to remember that medication typically provides T4, and your body still needs to convert it to T3. This process requires a well-functioning liver and sufficient co-factor nutrients. So, even if you're on medication, you might still experience symptoms if other system irregularities aren't addressed.
Even if your lifestyle is inherently stressful and busy, there are many steps you can take to improve your thyroid function through targeted diet and lifestyle changes, as well as stress management techniques.
LINKS:
Pathology Tests to Manage Stress
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